RESUMO: Wetlands are increasingly threatened by anthropogenic disturbance and drought, with particularly severe consequences for palm swamps in the Brazilian Cerrado. These ecosystems comprise a mosaic of adjacent habitat zones, including savannas, open humid areas, and hygrophilous forests, which differ markedly in vegetation structure and environmental conditions. This pronounced environmental heterogeneity is expected to influence the distribution and organization of terrestrial insect communities, yet responses of bioindicator taxa to variation among habitat zones within palm swamps remain poorly understood. We investigated how ant and dung beetle communities vary among habitat zones within Cerrado palm swamps and whether these patterns differ among palm swamps under distinct environmental conditions. We sampled insects along transects spanning savannas, open humid areas, and hygrophilous forests in palm swamps representing low, intermediate, and high levels of anthropogenic disturbance and drying. We found strong differences in community organization among habitat zones. Ant richness was highest in open humid areas, whereas dung beetle richness peaked in savanna habitats. Ant community composition was primarily structured by habitat zone regardless of palm swamp condition. In contrast, palm swamp condition influenced dung beetle communities, with changes in species overlap among adjacent habitat zones. Highly anthropized palm swamps exhibited stronger species segregation, whereas severely dried palm swamps showed increased species overlap, suggesting the onset of compositional homogenization. Overall, our results highlight the importance of environmental heterogeneity and hydrological integrity for maintaining insect diversity within palm swamps and suggest that wetland degradation may alter the spatial organization of bioindicator insect communities across habitat zones.