RESUMO: The first comprehensive taxonomic survey of the leaf beetle fauna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of the oceanic volcanic Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Pernambuco State, northeastern Brazil, is presented herein. A total of 17 taxa distributed across five subfamilies (Bruchinae, Cassidinae, Cryptocephalinae, Eumolpinae, and Galerucinae) are recorded, including the description of two new species of seed beetles: Megacerus ibiaiso Santos, Sampaio & Viana, sp. nov., and Sennius binotatus Viana & Ribeiro-Costa, sp. nov. In addition, 11 new distributional records are provided, along with corrections of previously misidentified specimens from the archipelago. For the taxa identified to the species level, information on host plant associations and natural enemies, when available, is included. The study also provides photographs of the external morphology of all taxa and the internal structures of the new species, as well as a map of the beaches and sampling trails.